Relación entre la velocidad aeróbica máxima continua e intermitente con el rendimiento del CrossFit ® WOD Karen en sujetos físicamente activos / Relationship of continuous and intermittent maximal aerobic speed to CrossFit ® WOD Karen performance in physically active subjects

Introducción: El CrossFit ® es actualmente la modalidad de entrenamiento funcional de alta intensidad de mayor difusión. No obstante, no existen investigaciones que relacionen la velocidad aérobica máxima continua (VAM-C) e intermitente (VAM-I) con el rendimiento en este entrenamiento. Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre la velocidad aérobica máxima continua e intermitente con el rendimiento del CrossFit ® WOD Karen en sujetos físicamente activos. Métodos: Participaron 14 hombres y 6 mujeres, en tres días se realizaron las pruebas con un intervalo de 24-48 horas entre ellos, la velocidad aérobica máxima continua se evaluó a través del test de carrera 20 metros o Course Navette, la velocidad aérobica máxima intermitente se valoró por medio del 30-15 ITF (Intermittent Fitness Test) y por último se midió el rendimiento del WOD CrossFit ® Karen (150 lanzamientos de balón medicinal a pared en el menor tiempo posible). Los datos obtenidos fueron analizados en el paquete estadístico PSPP con un nivel de confianza del 95 por ciento y un p-valor del 0,05. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos presentaron distribución normal (p > 0,05) para ambos sexos salvo el tiempo del WOD CrossFit ® Karen en hombres (p < 0,05). El coeficiente de correlación sugiere que la velocidad aérobica máxima continua obtuvo una relación grande (r = -0,61) en mujeres y moderada en hombres (r = -0,44), mientras que la velocidad aérobica máxima intermitente presentó una asociación muy grande en mujeres (r = -0,76) y hombres (r = -0,78), pero solamente significativo con la velocidad aérobica máxima intermitente en hombres (p < 0,01). Conclusión: Una mayor aptitud física aeróbica intermitente es más influyente en el rendimiento del CrossFit ® WOD Karen en sujetos físicamente activos(AU)

Introduction: CrossFit® is at present the most widely known high-intensity functional training exercise program. However, no studies are available describing the relationship of continuous maximal aerobic speed (MAS-C) and intermittent maximal aerobic speed (MAS-I) to performance in this training mode. Objective: Determine the relationship of continuous and intermittent maximal aerobic speed to CrossFit® WOD Karen performance in physically active subjects. Methods: Fourteen men and six women participated in the study. The tests were performed in three days with a 24-48 hours separation between them. Continuous maximal aerobic speed was evaluated with the 20-m shuttle run test or Course Navette test and intermittent maximal aerobic speed with the 30-15 ITF (Intermittent Fitness Test). Finally, performance of the CrossFit® WOD Karen program was assessed through 150 medicine ball throws to the wall in as little time as possible. The data obtained were analyzed with the PSPP statistical package, using a confidence level of 95 percent and a p-value of 0,05. Results: The results obtained show a normal distribution (p > 0,05) for both sexes, except for CrossFit® WOD Karen time in men (p < 0,05). The correlation coefficient suggests that continuous maximal aerobic speed exhibited a high association in women (r = -0,61) and a moderate association in men (r = -0,44), whereas intermittent maximum aerobic speed exhibited a very high association in women (r = -0,76) and men (r = -0,78), but was only significant with intermittent maximum aerobic speed in men (p < 0,01). Conclusion: A better intermittent aerobic physical aptitude is more influential on CrossFit® WOD Karen performance in physically active subjects(AU)

Programas de entrenamiento para mejorar el rendimiento en jóvenes tenistas: revisión sistemática / Training programs to improve performance in young tennis players: systematic review

En los últimos años, el tenis ha crecido en popularidad, provocando que la competitividad se haya incrementado considerablemente en todos los grupos de edad. Los jugadores de tenis, para ser competitivos y alcanzar el éxito, requieren de un alto nivel de desarrollo en cuatro habilidades fundamentales: táctica, técnica, física y psicológica. A la hora de diseñar programas de entrenamiento para los tenistas, es importante tener en cuenta los requerimiento físicos y fisiológicos de los jugadores, ya que pueden variar según el nivel del jugador, el estilo de juego, el sexo o la superficie de la pista, entre otros. Estas habilidades fundamentales y requerimientos se deben trabajar en edades tempranas para lograr el éxito en edades adultas, por lo tanto, el objetivo de la presente revisión sistemática fue estudiar las características de los programas de entrenamiento que se han llevado a cabo en jóvenes tenistas para mejorar su rendimiento. Se realizó una estrategia de búsqueda electrónica utilizando las bases de datos PubMed, SPORTDiscus y los términos tennis, performance, adolescent, male, female, training e intervention. Veintitrés artículos fueron revisados y solo 7 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. El programa de entrenamiento pliométrico es el más utilizado para mejorar el rendimiento de los jóvenes tenistas, siendo un programa de corta duración, barato y de fácil cumplimentación para entrenadores y preparadores físicos de tenis. Esta revisión sistemática podría contribuir al diseño de futuros programas de entrenamiento para mejorar el rendimiento de jóvenes tenistas(AU)

In recent years, tennis has grown in popularity, causing competitiveness to have increased significantly in all age groups. Tennis players, in order to be competitive and achieve success, require a high level of development in four fundamental skills: tactical, technical, physical and psychological. When designing training programs for tennis players, it is important to take into account the physical and physiological requirements of the players, as they may vary according to player level, the play style, sex or track surface, among others. These fundamental skills and requirements must be worked at an early age to achieve success in adult ages, therefore, the systematic review objective was to study the training programs characteristics in young tennis players for improve their performance. An electronic search strategy was performed using PubMed, SPORTDiscus and the terms tennis, performance, adolescent, male, female, training and intervention. Twenty-three articles were reviewed and only seven met the inclusion criteria. The plyometric training program is the most used to performance improve of young tennis players, being a short, inexpensive and easy rogram for tennis trainers. This systematic review could contribute to future design for training programs to performance improve of young tennis players(AU)

Relações entre aptidão física, envolvimento com bola e desempenho técnico de adolescentes no futsal / Relationships between physical fitness, involvements with the ball and technical performance of adolescents during futsal matches

Nos últimos anos, o futsal tem sido uma das principais formas de prática de atividade física, especialmente em jovens do sexo masculino. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar a relação entre o número de envolvimentos com bola e indicadores de aptidão física, medidas antropométricas, indicadores de desempenho técnico e os resultados dos jogos. Foram selecionados 31 estudantes do sexo masculino entre 14 e 16 anos de idade e mensurados o peso corporal, as dobras cutâneas e a estatura. Como indicadores de aptidão física, foram mensurados a resistência cardiorrespiratória, a potência muscular de membros inferiores e a velocidade. Em relação ao desempenho técnico, foram analisados vídeos de aproximadamente 120 minutos de jogo, com a utilização do software SIMI Scout, e quantificados os chutes, dribles e passes certos e errados e o número total de envolvimentos com bola.Entre os principais resultados, a resistência cardiorrespiratória apresentou correlação estatisticamente significante com o envolvimento com bola (r = 0,56, p<0,01) e com a soma de passes, dribles e chutes (r = 0,84, p<0,01). Em contrapartida, o envolvimento com bola das equipes não influenciou o placar dos jogos e as correlações entre a resistência cardiorrespiratória e os percentuais corretos de passes (r = 0,31p>0,05), chutes (r = 0,40, p<0,05) e dribles (r = 0,46, p<0,05) foram fracas ou inexistentes. Em conjunto, esses resultados indicam que a resistência cardiorrespiratória influencia diretamente a participação nos jogos (envolvimento com bola), independentemente da condição técnica do jogador. Portanto, em adolescentes não atletas, a adoção de estratégias que promovam a evolução da resistência cardiorrespiratória pode possibilitar um maior envolvimento no jogo e como consequência favorecer concomitantemente a aquisição da técnica e a adoção do futsal como forma de prática de atividade física e promoção da saúde.

In recent years, futsal has been one of the main forms of physical activity, especially in young males. The objective of this research was to verify the relationship between the number of involvements with the ball and indicators of physical fitness, anthropometric measures, technical performance and the results of the games. Thirty-one male students, aged between 14 and 16 years, underwent measurements for anthropometry (height, weight, sum of three skinfolds) and field-based fitness testing for cardiorespiratory endurance, leg power and velocity. Concerning technical performance, it was filmed around 120 minutes of competitive games and quantified the correct and incorrect kicks, dribbles and passes and the total number of involvements with the ball, using SIMI Scout software. Among the main results, cardiorespiratory endurance showed statistically significant correlation with involvement with the ball (r = 0,56, p<0,01) and with the sum of passes, dribbles and kicks (r = 0,84, p<0,01). In contrast, involvement with ball did not affect the score of the games and the correlations between cardiorespiratory endurance and the correct percentage of passes (r = 0,31, p>0,05), kicks (r = 0,40, p<0,05) and dribbling (r = 0,46, p<0,05) were weak or nonexistent. Taking together, these results indicate that cardiorespiratory endurance has a directly influence to the involvement with ball, regardless of the technical condition of the player. Therefore, in non-athlete adolescents, the adoption of strategies that promote the development of cardiorespiratory endurance may lead to a higher involvement in the game and, as a consequence, to promote concomitantly the acquisition of technical ability and the adoption of futsal as a form of physical activity and health promotion.